No one knows how much publishers make in return for providing these modest services, but we can guess. In 2017, the Association of Research Libraries surveyed its 123 member institutions and found they were paying a collective $1 billion in journal subscriptions every year. The ARL covers some of the biggest universities, but not nearly all of them, so let’s guess that number accounts for half of all university subscription spending. In 2023, the federal government estimated it paid nearly $380 million in article processing charges alone, and those are separate from subscriptions. So it wouldn’t be crazy if American universities were paying something like $2.5 billion to publishers every year, with the majority of that ultimately coming from taxpayers.
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大厂对外赋能失败的真相就在于此：软件的躯壳可以买卖，但那种“三位一体”的驾驭能力（深度业务解构 + 深度技术洞察 + 系统架构思维）是买不来的。丧失了这种能力，再顶级的系统也只是一台找不到目标的重型轰炸机。
Москвичи пожаловались на зловонную квартиру-свалку с телами животных и тараканами18:04